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<section id="nvidia-cuda-toolkit">
<span id="nvidia-cuda"></span><h1>NVIDIA* CUDA Toolkit<a class="headerlink" href="#nvidia-cuda-toolkit" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p>NVIDIA is a manufacturer of graphics processing units (GPU), also known as
graphics cards.</p>
<p>CUDA is a parallel computing platform and application programming interface
model created by NVIDIA. It allows software developers and software engineers
to use a CUDA-enabled graphics processing unit</p>
<p>These instructions show how to install the CUDA Toolkit on Clear Linux OS after the
<a class="reference internal" href="nvidia.html#nvidia"><span class="std std-ref">proprietary NVIDIA drivers</span></a> have been installed.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Software installed outside of <a class="reference internal" href="../guides/clear/swupd.html#swupd-guide"><span class="std std-ref">swupd</span></a> is not updated with Clear Linux OS
updates and must be updated and maintained manually.</p>
</div>
<nav class="contents local" id="contents">
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#prerequisites" id="id1">Prerequisites</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#compatibility" id="id2">Compatibility</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#check-compatibility-of-nvidia-components" id="id3">Check compatibility of NVIDIA components</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#check-gcc-compatibility" id="id4">Check GCC compatibility</a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#downloading-and-installation" id="id5">Downloading and Installation</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#download-the-nvidia-cuda-toolkit" id="id6">Download the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#install-the-nvidia-cuda-toolkit" id="id7">Install the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit</a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#using-the-nvidia-cuda-toolkit" id="id8">Using the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#uninstalling" id="id9">Uninstalling</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#debugging" id="id10">Debugging</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#additional-resources" id="id11">Additional resources</a></p></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<section id="prerequisites">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1" role="doc-backlink">Prerequisites</a><a class="headerlink" href="#prerequisites" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>A Clear Linux OS system with a <a class="reference external" href="https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus">CUDA-Enabled NVIDIA device</a></p></li>
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="nvidia.html#nvidia"><span class="std std-ref">proprietary NVIDIA drivers</span></a> have been installed.</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="compatibility">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2" role="doc-backlink">Compatibility</a><a class="headerlink" href="#compatibility" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<section id="check-compatibility-of-nvidia-components">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3" role="doc-backlink">Check compatibility of NVIDIA components</a><a class="headerlink" href="#check-compatibility-of-nvidia-components" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>To install the appropriate NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit version, it is important to
understand the compute capability and compatible driver versions of your
NVIDIA hardware.</p>
<p>Information about NVIDIA compute capability, driver, and toolkit compatibility
can be found at: <a class="reference external" href="https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus">https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus</a> and
<a class="reference external" href="https://docs.nvidia.com/deploy/cuda-compatibility/">https://docs.nvidia.com/deploy/cuda-compatibility/</a></p>
</section>
<section id="check-gcc-compatibility">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4" role="doc-backlink">Check GCC compatibility</a><a class="headerlink" href="#check-gcc-compatibility" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>This is only required for the development or compilation of CUDA
applications. It is not required to run pre-built applications that have a
dependency on CUDA.</p>
</div>
<p>From the NVIDIA documentation:</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>The CUDA development environment relies on tight integration with the host
development environment, including the host compiler and C runtime
libraries, and is therefore only supported on distribution versions that
have been qualified for this CUDA Toolkit release.</p>
</div></blockquote>
<p>Refer to the <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#system-requirements">NVIDIA documentation on CUDA system requirements</a>
for the latest kernel and compiler compatibility.</p>
<p>For example, CUDA 10.2 on a system with the latest Linux kernel requires GCC8,
which is older than the default GCC version for Clear Linux OS.</p>
<p>Install the compatible version of GCC, if required:</p>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p>Install the <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/bundles/bundles.html#bundles"><span class="std std-ref">bundle</span></a> with the appropriate GCC version.</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>swupd<span class="w"> </span>bundle-add<span class="w"> </span>c-extras-gcc8
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Create the directory <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/local/cuda/bin</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>mkdir<span class="w"> </span>-p<span class="w"> </span>/usr/local/cuda/bin
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Add symlinks to the older GCC version in the
<code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/local/cuda/bin</span></code> directory. This will cause the older version of
GCC to be used when <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/local/cuda/bin</span></code> is in the $PATH environment
variable.</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>ln<span class="w"> </span>-s<span class="w"> </span>/usr/bin/gcc-8<span class="w"> </span>/usr/local/cuda/bin/gcc
sudo<span class="w"> </span>ln<span class="w"> </span>-s<span class="w"> </span>/usr/bin/g++-8<span class="w"> </span>/usr/local/cuda/bin/g++
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</section>
</section>
<section id="downloading-and-installation">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5" role="doc-backlink">Downloading and Installation</a><a class="headerlink" href="#downloading-and-installation" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<section id="download-the-nvidia-cuda-toolkit">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6" role="doc-backlink">Download the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit</a><a class="headerlink" href="#download-the-nvidia-cuda-toolkit" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p>Go to the <a class="reference external" href="https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads">NVIDIA CUDA downloads website</a> to get the latest CUDA Toolkit.
If an older version of the CUDA Toolkit is required, go to the <a class="reference external" href="https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-toolkit-archive">CUDA
Toolkit Archive</a>.</p>
<p>Choose the following settings and click <em>Download</em>.</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Operating System: <em>Linux</em></p></li>
<li><p>Architecture: <em>x86_64</em></p></li>
<li><p>Distribution: <em>any</em></p></li>
<li><p>Version: <em>any</em></p></li>
<li><p>Installer Type: <em>runfile(local)</em></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>Open a terminal and navigate to where the
<code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cuda_&lt;VERSION&gt;_linux.run</span></code> file was saved. In this
example, it was saved in the Downloads folder.</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">cd</span><span class="w"> </span>~/Downloads/
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Make the <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cuda_&lt;VERSION&gt;_linux.run</span></code> file executable:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>chmod<span class="w"> </span>+x<span class="w"> </span>cuda_&lt;VERSION&gt;_linux.run
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</section>
<section id="install-the-nvidia-cuda-toolkit">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7" role="doc-backlink">Install the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit</a><a class="headerlink" href="#install-the-nvidia-cuda-toolkit" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>The NVIDIA CUDA installer will be directed to install files under
<code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/opt/cuda</span></code> as much as possible to keep its contents isolated from the
rest of the Clear Linux OS files under <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr</span></code>.</p>
<p>The CUDA installer automatically creates a symbolic link that allows the CUDA
Toolkit to be accessed from <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/local/cuda</span></code> regardless of where it was
installed.</p>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p>Configure the dynamic linker to look for and cache shared libraries under
<code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/opt/cuda/lib64</span></code> where the NVIDIA installer will place libraries.</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>mkdir<span class="w"> </span>-p<span class="w"> </span>/etc/ld.so.conf.d
<span class="nb">echo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">|</span><span class="w"> </span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>tee<span class="w"> </span>--append<span class="w"> </span>/etc/ld.so.conf
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The CUDA installer will automatically create a file
<code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/etc/ld.so.conf.d/cuda-&lt;VERSION&gt;.conf</span></code></p>
</li>
<li><p>Navigate into the directory where the NVIDIA installer was downloaded:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">cd</span><span class="w"> </span>~/Downloads/
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Run the installer with the advanced options below:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>./cuda_&lt;VERSION&gt;_linux.run<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
--toolkit<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
--installpath<span class="o">=</span>/opt/cuda<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
--no-man-page<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
--override<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
--silent
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Validate the CUDA Toolkit was installed by checking the NVIDIA CUDA
compiler version:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>/opt/cuda/bin/nvcc<span class="w"> </span>--version
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
<p>The CUDA Toolkit is now installed and can be used to compile and run CUDA
applications.</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="using-the-nvidia-cuda-toolkit">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8" role="doc-backlink">Using the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit</a><a class="headerlink" href="#using-the-nvidia-cuda-toolkit" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p>Verify that the NVIDIA device characters files /dev/nvidia* exist and have
the correct (0666) file permissions. The character devices should be
automatically created on system with the NVIDIA driver loaded through X
server, but will not be on systems that do not automatically load the
NVIDIA driver.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ls</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">l</span> <span class="o">/</span><span class="n">dev</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">nvidia</span><span class="o">*</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>If your system does not have the NVIDIA character devices created
automatically, run the <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#runfile-verifications">script from NVIDIA documentation</a>
with root privileges.</p>
<p>Alternatively a setuid utility, <strong class="command">nvidia-modprobe</strong>, can be compiled
and installed to automatically create the device character files on-demand.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">wget</span> <span class="n">https</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="o">//</span><span class="n">download</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">nvidia</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">com</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">XFree86</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">nvidia</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">modprobe</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">nvidia</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">modprobe</span><span class="o">-&lt;</span><span class="n">VERSION</span><span class="o">&gt;.</span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bz2</span>
<span class="n">tar</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">xvf</span> <span class="n">nvidia</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">modprobe</span><span class="o">-&lt;</span><span class="n">VERSION</span><span class="o">&gt;.</span><span class="n">tar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bz2</span>
<span class="n">cd</span> <span class="n">nvidia</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">modprobe</span><span class="o">-&lt;</span><span class="n">VERSION</span><span class="o">&gt;/</span>
<span class="n">make</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">make</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">PREFIX</span><span class="o">=/</span><span class="n">usr</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">local</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">cuda</span><span class="o">/</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>When the CUDA toolkit is needed, export PATH variables pointing to the CUDA
directories. This will temporarily add CUDA files to the PATH and use the
specified linked version of GCC for the terminal session.</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">export</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">PATH</span><span class="o">=</span>/usr/local/cuda/bin:<span class="nv">$PATH</span>
<span class="nb">export</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">LD_LIBRARY_PATH</span><span class="o">=</span>/usr/local/cuda/lib64:<span class="nv">$LD_LIBRARY_PATH</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
<p>Source code for CUDA sample located at
<code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/local/cuda/NVIDIA_CUDA-&lt;VERSION&gt;_Samples</span></code>. See the <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#compiling-examples">CUDA
documentation on compiling samples</a>
to learn more.</p>
</section>
<section id="uninstalling">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9" role="doc-backlink">Uninstalling</a><a class="headerlink" href="#uninstalling" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>The NVIDIA drivers and associated software can be uninstalled and nouveau
driver restored by:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li><p>Run the <strong class="command">sudo /usr/local/cuda/bin/cuda-uninstaller</strong>.</p></li>
<li><p>Follow the prompts on the screen and reboot the system.</p></li>
</ol>
</section>
<section id="debugging">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10" role="doc-backlink">Debugging</a><a class="headerlink" href="#debugging" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>The NVIDIA CUDA installer places logs under
<code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/tmp/cuda-installer.log</span></code>.</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="additional-resources">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id11" role="doc-backlink">Additional resources</a><a class="headerlink" href="#additional-resources" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/">NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit Documentation</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/1849/kw/Linux">Why aren’t the NVIDIA Linux drivers open source?</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/44/kw/linux">Where can I get support for NVIDIA Linux drivers?</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/">NVIDIA Accelerated Linux Graphics Driver Installation Guides</a></p></li>
</ul>
</section>
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<h3><a href="../index.html">Table of Contents</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">NVIDIA* CUDA Toolkit</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#prerequisites">Prerequisites</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#compatibility">Compatibility</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#check-compatibility-of-nvidia-components">Check compatibility of NVIDIA components</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#check-gcc-compatibility">Check GCC compatibility</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#downloading-and-installation">Downloading and Installation</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#download-the-nvidia-cuda-toolkit">Download the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#install-the-nvidia-cuda-toolkit">Install the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-the-nvidia-cuda-toolkit">Using the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#uninstalling">Uninstalling</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#debugging">Debugging</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#additional-resources">Additional resources</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
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