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Merge branch 'bare-metal-options' of https://github.com/clearlinux/clear-linux-documentation
This commit is contained in:
Rodrigo Caballero
@@ -1,286 +1,319 @@
|
||||
.. _bare-metal-install:
|
||||
|
||||
Install Clear Linux host OS on bare metal
|
||||
#########################################
|
||||
|
||||
This instruction set will guide you through the automatic installation of |CL|
|
||||
on bare metal using a bootable USB drive.
|
||||
|
||||
.. include:: ../compatibility-check.rst
|
||||
:Start-after: compatibility-check:
|
||||
|
||||
.. include:: ../bootable-usb/bootable-usb-linux.rst
|
||||
:Start-after: bootable-usb-linux:
|
||||
:end-before: download-cl-image
|
||||
|
||||
.. include:: ../bootable-usb/bootable-usb-linux.rst
|
||||
:Start-after: download-cl-image:
|
||||
:end-before: verify-checksum
|
||||
|
||||
.. include:: ../bootable-usb/bootable-usb-linux.rst
|
||||
:Start-after: verify-checksum:
|
||||
:end-before: copy-usb-linux
|
||||
|
||||
.. include:: ../bootable-usb/bootable-usb-linux.rst
|
||||
:Start-after: copy-usb-linux:
|
||||
:end-before: usb-next
|
||||
|
||||
.. _install-on-target:
|
||||
|
||||
Install Clear Linux on your target system
|
||||
*****************************************
|
||||
|
||||
The USB drive that was created in the previous step has been formatted as a
|
||||
UEFI boot device. Our target system has a hard drive installed containing a
|
||||
single primary partition. The target system needs a wired Internet connection
|
||||
with DHCP.
|
||||
|
||||
Follow these steps to install |CL| on the target system:
|
||||
|
||||
#. Insert the USB drive into an available USB slot.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Power on the system.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Open the system BIOS setup menu, normally by pressing the F2 key. Your
|
||||
BIOS setup menu entry point may vary.
|
||||
|
||||
#. In the setup menu, enable the UEFI boot and set the USB drive as the first
|
||||
option in the device boot order.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Save these settings and exit.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot the target system and the |CL| Installer menu will start.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
|
||||
Use the arrow keys, space bar, and enter key to navigate the menu of the
|
||||
|CL| Installer.
|
||||
|
||||
#. In this tutorial, we will enable telemetrics and select the `Automatic`
|
||||
installation type.
|
||||
|
||||
The primary drive to install |CL| onto is :file:`/dev/sdb` since the
|
||||
target system identifies the USB drive as :file:`/dev/sda`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Follow the instructions to begin the installation.
|
||||
|
||||
The installation is completed in the following stages:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
Reading configuration
|
||||
Validating configuration
|
||||
Creating partitions
|
||||
Creating file systems
|
||||
Setting up mount points
|
||||
Starting swupd. May take several minutes
|
||||
Cleaning up
|
||||
Successful installation
|
||||
|
||||
Once complete, an `<OK>` prompt appears in the dialog box, letting you know
|
||||
that you have successfully installed |CL| onto your system.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Press enter once the <OK> prompt appears. The following dialog box takes
|
||||
its place:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
Successful installation, the system will be rebooted
|
||||
|
||||
<OK>
|
||||
|
||||
#. Press enter, remove the USB drive from the system, and the system will
|
||||
reboot running |CL|.
|
||||
|
||||
.. _initial-setup:
|
||||
|
||||
Clear Linux initial setup after installation
|
||||
********************************************
|
||||
|
||||
Your newly installed |CL| boots on your target system and presents a full
|
||||
screen console requesting `Login:`. |CL| is designed to install with minimal
|
||||
software overhead. Therefore, some housekeeping and package installations
|
||||
must occur before you have a full-featured |CL| operating system.
|
||||
|
||||
Set up your root and user accounts
|
||||
==================================
|
||||
|
||||
#. At the initial login prompt, enter: root
|
||||
|
||||
#. Once you are prompted, enter a new password
|
||||
|
||||
#. Re-enter the password to verify it.
|
||||
|
||||
You have set your root password and are logged in with root privileges.
|
||||
|
||||
The next step is to create a new user and set a password for
|
||||
that user:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
useradd <userid>
|
||||
passwd <userid>
|
||||
|
||||
Replace <userid> with the name of the user account you want to create.
|
||||
|
||||
Remain logged in as the root user because there are some other things to do
|
||||
before we can fully enable your new user space.
|
||||
|
||||
Software installation and updates
|
||||
=================================
|
||||
|
||||
|CL| has a unique application and architecture to add and update applications
|
||||
and to perform system updates called software update utility or `swupd`.
|
||||
Software applications are installed as bundles using the command
|
||||
:command:`bundle-add`.
|
||||
|
||||
Next, we should install some useful applications using the software update
|
||||
utility. The `os-clr-on-clr` bundle installs the vast majority of
|
||||
applications useful to a system administrator or a developer. The bundle
|
||||
contains other bundles such as `sysadmin-basic`, `editors`, `c-basic`, `dev-
|
||||
utils-dev`, and other useful packages.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
swupd bundle-add os-clr-on-clr
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
|
||||
The image we installed may not be the latest version of |CL| available on
|
||||
the server. However, whenever the command
|
||||
:command:`swupd bundle-add <bundle>` runs, the OS is updated to the latest
|
||||
available version. Our website provides more `information about swupd`_.
|
||||
|
||||
We provide the full list of bundles and packages installed with the
|
||||
`os-clr-on-clr`_ bundle. Additionally, we have listed
|
||||
`all Clear Linux bundles`_, active or deprecated. Click any bundle on the
|
||||
list to view the manifest of the bundle.
|
||||
|
||||
Finish setting up your new user
|
||||
===============================
|
||||
|
||||
Before logging off as root and logging into your new user account, we must
|
||||
enable the :command:`sudo` command for your new `<userid>`.
|
||||
|
||||
To be able to execute all applications with root privileges, we must add the
|
||||
`<userid>` to the `wheel group`_ and enable the wheel group in the
|
||||
:file:`/etc/sudoers` file.
|
||||
|
||||
#. To add `<userid>` to the wheel group, enter the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
usermod -G wheel -a <userid>
|
||||
|
||||
#. To open the :file:`/etc/sudoers` file, enter the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
vi /etc/sudoers
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
|
||||
Normally, we would use the visudo script to edit the :file:`/etc/sudoers`
|
||||
file to safely modify the contents of the file. In this instance, the file
|
||||
does not exist yet. Therefore, we create the initial instance of the file.
|
||||
|
||||
#. In the vi\* editor window, press the :kbd:`o` to open a new line.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Add the following line to the file:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
|
||||
|
||||
#. To save the changes to the file and exit vi, press the :kbd:`ESC` key
|
||||
followed by the :kbd:`:` and :kbd:`x` keys.
|
||||
|
||||
.. important::
|
||||
|
||||
Creating the file logged as the root user keeps the permissions of the
|
||||
file with the root user.
|
||||
|
||||
Now, we can log out of root and into our new <userid>.
|
||||
|
||||
#. To log off as root, enter :command:`exit`.
|
||||
|
||||
The command should bring you back to the `Login:` prompt.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Enter your new `<userid>` and the password you created earlier.
|
||||
|
||||
You should now be in the home directory of `<userid>`. The bundle
|
||||
`os-clr-on-clr`_ contains the majority of applications that a developer or
|
||||
system administrator would want but it does not include a graphical user
|
||||
interface. The `desktop` bundle includes the Gnome Desktop Manager and
|
||||
additional supporting applications.
|
||||
|
||||
Install a GUI
|
||||
=============
|
||||
|
||||
#. To test the :command:`sudo` command and ensure we set it up correctly, we
|
||||
can install the Gnome Desktop Manager (gdm) and start it.
|
||||
|
||||
#. To install Gnome using swupd, enter the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
sudo swupd bundle-add desktop
|
||||
|
||||
#. To start the Gnome Desktop Manager, enter the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
systemctl start gdm
|
||||
|
||||
You will be prompted to authenticate your user. Enter the password for
|
||||
`<userid>` and the Gnome Desktop should start as shown in figure 1:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/gnomedt.png
|
||||
:alt: Gnome Desktop
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 1: :guilabel:`Gnome Desktop`
|
||||
|
||||
#. To start the Gnome Desktop each time you start your system, enter
|
||||
the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
systemctl enable gdm
|
||||
|
||||
**Congratulations!**
|
||||
|
||||
You have successfully installed |CL| on a bare metal system.
|
||||
|
||||
Additionally, you performed the following basic setup for your system:
|
||||
|
||||
* Setup of a root user.
|
||||
* Updated the OS to its most current version using `swupd`.
|
||||
* Installed the most common applications for system administrators and
|
||||
developers using bundles.
|
||||
* Setup of a new user.
|
||||
* Setup of `sudo` privileges for that new user.
|
||||
* Installed a GUI using those `sudo` privileges.
|
||||
|
||||
Next steps
|
||||
**********
|
||||
|
||||
With your system now running |CL| many paths are open for you.
|
||||
|
||||
Visit our :ref:`tutorials` page for examples on using your |CL|
|
||||
system.
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`information about swupd`:
|
||||
https://clearlinux.org/features/software-update
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`os-clr-on-clr`:
|
||||
https://github.com/clearlinux/clr-bundles/blob/master/bundles/os-clr-on-clr
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`all Clear Linux bundles`:
|
||||
https://github.com/clearlinux/clr-bundles/tree/master/bundles
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`wheel group`:
|
||||
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_(Unix_term)
|
||||
|
||||
.. _image: https://download.clearlinux.org/image
|
||||
|
||||
.. _releases: https://download.clearlinux.org/releases
|
||||
.. _bare-metal-install:
|
||||
|
||||
Install Clear Linux OS on bare metal
|
||||
####################################
|
||||
|
||||
These instructions guide you through the installation of |CLOSIA|
|
||||
on bare metal using a bootable USB drive.
|
||||
|
||||
.. include:: ../compatibility-check.rst
|
||||
:Start-after: compatibility-check:
|
||||
|
||||
.. include:: ../bootable-usb/bootable-usb-linux.rst
|
||||
:Start-after: bootable-usb-linux:
|
||||
:end-before: download-cl-image
|
||||
|
||||
.. include:: ../bootable-usb/bootable-usb-linux.rst
|
||||
:Start-after: download-cl-image:
|
||||
:end-before: verify-checksum
|
||||
|
||||
.. include:: ../bootable-usb/bootable-usb-linux.rst
|
||||
:Start-after: verify-checksum:
|
||||
:end-before: copy-usb-linux
|
||||
|
||||
.. include:: ../bootable-usb/bootable-usb-linux.rst
|
||||
:Start-after: copy-usb-linux:
|
||||
:end-before: usb-next
|
||||
|
||||
.. _install-on-target:
|
||||
|
||||
Install Clear Linux on your target system
|
||||
*****************************************
|
||||
|
||||
We formatted the previously created USB drive as a UEFI boot device. Our
|
||||
target system has a hard drive installed containing a single primary
|
||||
partition. The target system needs a wired Internet connection with DHCP.
|
||||
|
||||
Follow these steps to install |CL| on the target system:
|
||||
|
||||
#. Insert the USB drive into an available USB slot.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Power on the system.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Open the system BIOS setup menu, normally by pressing the :kbd:`F2` key.
|
||||
Your BIOS setup menu entry point may vary.
|
||||
|
||||
#. In the setup menu, enable the UEFI boot and set the USB drive as the first
|
||||
option in the device boot order.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Save these settings and exit.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot the target system.
|
||||
|
||||
#. The |CL| Installer menu will start as shown in Figure 1.
|
||||
Select :guilabel:`Clear Linux OS for Intel Architecture` and press the
|
||||
:kbd:`Enter` key or wait five seconds to automatically select it.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-install-1.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Clear Linux boot menu
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 1: :guilabel:`Clear Linux boot menu`
|
||||
|
||||
#. This will take you into the :guilabel:`Clear Linux OS for Intel
|
||||
Architecture Installer` menu as shown in figure 2 and explains how to
|
||||
navigate through the |CL| installer setup menus.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-install-2.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Clear Linux OS for Intel Architecture Installer
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 2: :guilabel:`Clear Linux OS for Intel Architecture Installer`
|
||||
|
||||
Press the :kbd:`Enter` key.
|
||||
|
||||
#. The :guilabel:`Keyboard selection` menu shown in figure 3 allows you to set
|
||||
up the keyboard layout that you will be using to navigate within the |CL|
|
||||
installer setup menus.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-install-3.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Keyboard Selection
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 3: :guilabel:`Keyboard Selection`
|
||||
|
||||
For this guide we will select :menuselection:`Keyboard Selection -->
|
||||
< * us >` for the keyboard mapping, which should already be highlighted.
|
||||
Press the :kbd:`Enter` key to continue to the next menu.
|
||||
|
||||
Network requirements
|
||||
====================
|
||||
|
||||
The :guilabel:`Network Requirements` menu, the first step of the |CL|
|
||||
installer setup process, will attempt to connect to the |CL| update server
|
||||
where the installer image is located. Once the connection to the |CL| update
|
||||
server is established, you will see a screen similar to the one shown in
|
||||
figure 4:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-install-4.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Network Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 4: :guilabel:`Network Requirements`
|
||||
|
||||
If you need to configure any :guilabel:`Proxy Settings` to gain access to the
|
||||
update server, enter the appropriate address and port of your proxy server in
|
||||
the :guilabel:`HTTPS proxy:` field. Select the :guilabel:`< Set proxy
|
||||
configuration >` button and press :kbd:`Enter`. You will then see the
|
||||
connection to the update server established.
|
||||
|
||||
Optionally, set up a :guilabel:`static IP configuration` to your |CL|
|
||||
installer image. Enter the required information in the :guilabel:`Interface`,
|
||||
:guilabel:`IP address`, :guilabel:`Subnet mask`, :guilabel:`Gateway` and
|
||||
:guilabel:`DNS` fields and then select the :guilabel:`< Set static IP
|
||||
configuration >` button and press the :kbd:`Enter` key.
|
||||
|
||||
The information displayed in the lower right quadrant of the screen shows the
|
||||
current IP configuration for the |CL| update server where the installer image
|
||||
is located.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
|
||||
If you are having difficulty establishing a connection to the update server
|
||||
and you see the message :guilabel:`none detected, install will fail`, you
|
||||
can press the :kbd:`Tab` key to highlight the :guilabel:`< Refresh >`
|
||||
button and press :kbd:`Enter` to attempt to reconnect to the |CL| update
|
||||
server. If this fails to establish a connection after multiple attempts,
|
||||
reboot your system and return to this step.
|
||||
|
||||
Once the connection to the |CL| udpate server is established, use the
|
||||
:kbd:`Tab` key to advance to the :guilabel:`< Next >` button and press
|
||||
:kbd:`Enter` to advance to the next |CL| installer setup menu.
|
||||
|
||||
Choose Clear Linux installer action
|
||||
===================================
|
||||
|
||||
The :guilabel:`Choose Action` menu is where you can choose to install, repair,
|
||||
open a shell, or exit the |CL| installer. This menu is shown in figure 5:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-install-5.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Choose Action
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 5: :guilabel:`Choose Action`
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select the :menuselection:`Choose action --> Install` menu item to continue
|
||||
the installation process.
|
||||
|
||||
The :menuselection:`Choose action --> Repair` menu option will run the
|
||||
:command:`swupd --fix` command to correct any issues found with the system
|
||||
software that has already been installed on your system and correct any
|
||||
issues found by overwriting the incorrect file content, adding missing
|
||||
files, fixing permissions and any additional changes required to return the
|
||||
file to it's original content and permissions.
|
||||
|
||||
The :menuselection:`Choose action --> Shell` menu item opens a terminal
|
||||
session on your system as the root user and you will be able to manage your
|
||||
system from this console. When you are finished, type :command:`exit` to
|
||||
return to the :guilabel:`Choose Action` menu.
|
||||
|
||||
The :menuselection:`Choose action --> Exit` menu option terminates the |CL|
|
||||
installation process and the system will shut down.
|
||||
|
||||
#. You will be prompted to join the :guilabel:`Stability Enhancement Program`
|
||||
as shown in figure 6. Press the :kbd:`Spacebar` or :kbd:`Enter` key while
|
||||
the cursor is in the :guilabel:`[ ] Yes.` button to enable this
|
||||
functionality and then select the :guilabel:`< Next >` button to advance to
|
||||
the next menu item.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-install-6.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Stability Enhancement Program
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 6: :guilabel:`Stability Enhancement Program`
|
||||
|
||||
If you choose not to enable this functionality during this step, you can
|
||||
install the ``telemetrics`` software bundle at a later time. As stated in
|
||||
the menu, this feature only collects anonymous information about your
|
||||
system to help improve system stability and no personally identifiable
|
||||
information is collected. Please visit our website to
|
||||
`learn more about telemetry.`_
|
||||
|
||||
Choose Clear Linux installation type
|
||||
************************************
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 7 shows the next step of the |CL| installer:
|
||||
:guilabel:`Choose installation Type`. Chose whether to install |CL|
|
||||
**automatically** or **manually**. To end the installer process and shut down
|
||||
the system, select the :guilabel:`< Exit >` button.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-install-7.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Choose installation type
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 7: :guilabel:`Choose installation Type`
|
||||
|
||||
If you select :guilabel:`< Automatic >` as the installation type, the |CL|
|
||||
Installer will add the minimum amount of functionality required for a fully
|
||||
functional |CL| system. You will not be able to modify the disk layout, add
|
||||
a user or any other tasks that the manual installation process will allow.
|
||||
|
||||
With the :guilabel:`< Manual(Advanced) >` option, you can do the following
|
||||
additional tasks during |CL| Installer setup:
|
||||
|
||||
* Modify the disk layout using the cgdisk utility.
|
||||
* Add additional command-line parameters to the kernel.
|
||||
* Create a hostname for your system.
|
||||
* Create an administrative user.
|
||||
* Add additional software bundles to enhance the functionality of your initial
|
||||
|CL| installation.
|
||||
* Optionally, set up a static IP address for your system.
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to perform any of these additional tasks, select the
|
||||
:guilabel:`< Manual(Advanced) >` menu item and follow the steps in our
|
||||
:ref:`bare-metal-manual-install` to complete the |CL| manual installation
|
||||
process. Otherwise, you can follow the |CL| automatic installation steps.
|
||||
|
||||
Clear Linux automatic installation
|
||||
**********************************
|
||||
|
||||
To install the minimum components for your |CL| implementation, select the
|
||||
:guilabel:`< Automatic >` menu item shown in figure 7 and press the
|
||||
:kbd:`Enter` key.
|
||||
|
||||
The :guilabel:`Choose target device for installation` screen shown in figure 8
|
||||
appears. Move the cursor to the desired target and press the :kbd:`Enter`
|
||||
key.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-install-8.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Choose target device for installation
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 8: :guilabel:`Choose target device for installation`
|
||||
|
||||
In this example we selected the single primary partition from our hard drive.
|
||||
|
||||
With all the |CL| installer setup information gathered for the automatic
|
||||
installation option, the |CL| Installer prompts you to begin the actual
|
||||
installation as shown in figure 9.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-install-9.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Begin installation
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 9: :guilabel:`Begin installation`
|
||||
|
||||
When you are satisfied with the information you have entered, select the
|
||||
:guilabel:`< Yes >` button and press :kbd:`Enter` to begin installing |CL|.
|
||||
|
||||
|CL| Installation begins and each step shows its status as it progresses
|
||||
through the automated installation process.
|
||||
|
||||
Once all steps have completed, you will see the `:guilabel:`Successful
|
||||
installation` status message and the :guilabel:`< Ok >` button is highlighted
|
||||
as shown in figure 10. Press the :kbd:`Enter` key to continue.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-install-10.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Installation complete
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 10: :guilabel:`Installation complete`
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 11 shows the installer's final screen prompting you that the
|
||||
installation completed successfully and the system will reboot. Press the
|
||||
:kbd:`Enter` key and remove the USB media while the system restarts.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-install-11.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Successful installation
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 11: :guilabel:`Successful Installation`
|
||||
|
||||
Set up your root account
|
||||
========================
|
||||
|
||||
Once the |CL| installation is complete and the system boots, a full screen
|
||||
console requests your login: as shown in figure 12:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-install-12.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Login screen
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 12: :guilabel:`Login screen`
|
||||
|
||||
#. At the initial login prompt, enter: ``root``
|
||||
|
||||
#. Once prompted, enter a new password.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Re-enter the password to verify it.
|
||||
|
||||
You have now set your root password and are logged in with root privileges.
|
||||
|
||||
**Congratulations!**
|
||||
|
||||
You have successfully installed |CL| on a bare metal system using the
|
||||
automatic installation method and set the password for the ``root`` user.
|
||||
|
||||
The automatic installation of |CL| is designed to install with minimal
|
||||
software overhead. Therefore, some housekeeping and package installations
|
||||
could be needed before you can take full advantage of the |CL| operating
|
||||
system. These instructions are captured in the :ref:`enable-user-space`.
|
||||
|
||||
* Create a new user
|
||||
* Update the OS to its most current version using `swupd`.
|
||||
* Install the most common applications for system administrators and
|
||||
developers using bundles.
|
||||
* Setup a new user.
|
||||
* Setup `sudo` privileges for that new user.
|
||||
* Install a GUI using those `sudo` privileges.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`information about stateless`:
|
||||
https://clearlinux.org/features/stateless
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`learn more about telemetry.`:
|
||||
https://clearlinux.org/features/telemetry
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`NUC6i5SYH product page`:
|
||||
http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/nuc/nuc-kit-nuc6i5syh.html
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
|
||||
.. _bare-metal-manual-install:
|
||||
|
||||
Bare metal manual installation guide
|
||||
####################################
|
||||
|
||||
This section contains the steps for a |CL| manual installation. It picks up
|
||||
where the :ref:`bare-metal-install` left off:
|
||||
|
||||
Select the :guilabel:`< Manual(Advanced) >` menu option as seen in figure
|
||||
1, to do the following additional tasks during the |CL| Installer setup:
|
||||
|
||||
* :ref:`Modify the disk layout using the cgdisk utility<cgdisk-manual-install>`
|
||||
* Add additional command-line parameters to the kernel
|
||||
* Create a hostname for your system
|
||||
* Create an administrative user
|
||||
* Add additional software bundles to enhance the functionality of your initial
|
||||
|CL| installation
|
||||
* Optionally set up a static IP address for your system
|
||||
|
||||
Begin the manual installation process
|
||||
*************************************
|
||||
|
||||
#. Move the cursor to the :guilabel:`< Manual(Advanced) >` menu item
|
||||
and press the :kbd:`Enter` key.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-1.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Choose installation Type
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 1: :guilabel:`Choose installation Type`
|
||||
|
||||
#. The :guilabel:`Choose partitioning method` screen is shown in figure 2.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-2.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Choose partitioning method
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 2: :guilabel:`Choose partitioning method`
|
||||
|
||||
If your hard drive has already been partitioned for a Linux system, you can
|
||||
select the :guilabel:`< Use default partition and mount scheme on target
|
||||
device >` menu item and press :kbd:`Enter` to move to the next step of the
|
||||
installer setup process.
|
||||
|
||||
.. _cgdisk-manual-setup:
|
||||
|
||||
Otherwise, to set up your hard drive partitions manually before moving to
|
||||
the next step, select the :guilabel:`< Manually configure mounts and
|
||||
partitions >` menu item and follow the instructions for :ref:`using CGDISK
|
||||
to set up your Clear Linux hard drive<cgdisk-manual-install>`.
|
||||
|
||||
.. _choose-target-device:
|
||||
|
||||
Choose target device for installation
|
||||
=====================================
|
||||
|
||||
The :guilabel:`Choose target device for installation` menu, shown in figure 3,
|
||||
displays the current device and partition information. In
|
||||
this example, ``/dev/sda`` is the only drive on the system with three
|
||||
partitions defined and assigned. The menu cursor highlights the partition
|
||||
to install |CL| onto.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select the :guilabel:`< Partition /dev/sda >` button and press the
|
||||
:kbd:`Enter` key.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
|
||||
To return to the previous menu, press the :kbd:`Tab` key
|
||||
to highlight the :guilabel:`< Previous >` button and press :kbd:`Enter`
|
||||
to return to the previous menu.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-3.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Choose target device for installation
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 3: :guilabel:`Choose target device for installation`
|
||||
|
||||
#. After selecting the :guilabel:`< Partition /dev/sda >` button you will be
|
||||
presented with a warning screen as shown in figure 4 with the
|
||||
:guilabel:`< No >` button highlighted. If you are satisfied this is the
|
||||
device that you want to install |CL| onto, use the :kbd:`Tab` key to
|
||||
highlight the :guilabel:`< Yes >` button and press :kbd:`Enter` to proceed
|
||||
to the next step.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-4.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Device installation warning
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 4: :guilabel:`Device installation warning`
|
||||
|
||||
Additional manual installer settings
|
||||
====================================
|
||||
|
||||
The next steps of the manual installer setup process allows you to:
|
||||
|
||||
* Set up any additional command-line parameters to the kernel.
|
||||
* Create a hostname for your system.
|
||||
* Set up an administrative user.
|
||||
* Install additional software bundles.
|
||||
* Optionally create a static IP address for your system.
|
||||
|
||||
#. The :guilabel:`Append to kernel cmdline` menu shown in figure 5 allows you
|
||||
to add additional options to the kernel command-line to further customize
|
||||
your installation. Normally this is not required but if there are
|
||||
specific options that need to be set in the Linux kernel you can enter them
|
||||
here. For a complete list of command-line parameters for the Linux kernel
|
||||
you can visit the official documentation of the `latest kernel's
|
||||
command-line parameters`_.
|
||||
|
||||
Add any additional command-line parameters in the :guilabel:`Append to
|
||||
cmdline:` field and then press the :kbd:`Tab` key to move to the
|
||||
:guilabel:`< Next >` button and press :kbd:`Enter`.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-5.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Append to kernel cmdline
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 5: :guilabel:`Append to kernel cmdline`
|
||||
|
||||
#. The :guilabel:`Configuring Hostname` menu shown in figure 6 suggests
|
||||
a hostname string prefaced with "clr". You can make your hostname anything
|
||||
meaningful and unique. Once complete, press the :kbd:`Tab` key to move to
|
||||
the :guilabel:`< Next >` button and press :kbd:`Enter`.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-6.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Configure Hostname
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 6: :guilabel:`Configure Hostname`
|
||||
|
||||
To learn more about hostname naming conventions and restrictions, you can
|
||||
check this `wiki page about hostnames`_.
|
||||
|
||||
#. The :guilabel:`User configuration` menu shown in figure 7 allows you to
|
||||
create a userid with administrative privileges. If you do not want to create a
|
||||
user at this time, select :guilabel:`< No user creation (login as root) >` to
|
||||
skip this step and proceed to the :guilabel:`Bundle selector` menu.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-7.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: User configuration
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 7: :guilabel:`User configuration`
|
||||
|
||||
#. To create a userid, select the :guilabel:`< Create an administrative user >`
|
||||
field and press :kbd:`Enter` to go to the the next screen.
|
||||
#. You will be presented with the second :guilabel:`User configuration` menu
|
||||
shown in figure 8. You are only required to fill in the
|
||||
:guilabel:`Username`, :guilabel:`Password`, and :guilabel:`Confirm password`
|
||||
fields.
|
||||
#. To give the user administrative privileges, select the
|
||||
:guilabel:`Add user to the sudoers?` field to add the user to the ``wheel``
|
||||
group. This enables using the :command:`sudo` command for the new user.
|
||||
|
||||
Once you have entered all the data for this menu, press the :kbd:`Tab` key
|
||||
to highlight the :guilabel:`< Next >` button and press :kbd:`Enter`.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-8.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: User configuration - create user
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 8: :guilabel:`User configuration - create user`
|
||||
|
||||
#. The :guilabel:`Bundle selector` menu shown in figure 9 allows you to
|
||||
add additional software bundles to your initial |CL| installation. In this
|
||||
example we select all additional bundles offered by pressing the
|
||||
:kbd:`Tab` key to go to each field and pressing the :kbd:`Spacebar` or the
|
||||
:kbd:`Enter` key to select each bundle. This menu will also list the
|
||||
additional :guilabel:` --- required ---` software bundles that will be
|
||||
installed during the |CL| installation.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-9.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Bundle selector
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 9: :guilabel:`Bundle selector`
|
||||
|
||||
For a complete description of the content of these additional bundles, go to
|
||||
the :ref:`software bundle list<available-bundles>` and select the name for a
|
||||
specific bundle to show the contents within the bundle.
|
||||
|
||||
Target system network configuration
|
||||
===================================
|
||||
|
||||
Before the actual |CL| installation begins, we must set up the
|
||||
:guilabel:`Network configuration` shown in figure 10. Select
|
||||
:guilabel:`< Use DHCP >` to have an IP address automatically assigned when
|
||||
the system boots up.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-10.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Network configuration
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 10: :guilabel:`Network configuration`
|
||||
|
||||
You can optionally set up a static IP address for your system. Select the
|
||||
:guilabel:`< Use static IP configuration >` menu item and fill in the
|
||||
required fields.
|
||||
|
||||
Begin installation
|
||||
******************
|
||||
|
||||
The |CL| installer is now ready to use the information you provided on the
|
||||
previous sections to begin the actual installation. Figure 11 shows the
|
||||
installer's prompt to begin the installation.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-11.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Begin installation
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 11: :guilabel:`Begin installation`
|
||||
|
||||
When you are satisfied with the information entered, select the
|
||||
:guilabel:`< Yes >` button and press :kbd:`Enter` to begin installing |CL|.
|
||||
|
||||
The |CL| Installation begins and each step shows its status as it progresses
|
||||
through the manual installation process as shown in figure 12.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-12.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Installation status
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 12: :guilabel:`Installation status`
|
||||
|
||||
Once all steps have completed, you will see the ``Successful installation``
|
||||
status message and the :guilabel:`< Ok >` button is highlighted as shown in
|
||||
figure 13. Press the :kbd:`Enter` key to continue.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-13.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Installation complete
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 13: :guilabel:`Installation complete`
|
||||
|
||||
Congratulations! The installation completed successfully and the system will
|
||||
reboot. Figure 14 shows the installer's final prompt. Press the :kbd:`Enter`
|
||||
key and remove the USB media while the system restarts.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-14.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Successful Installation
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 14: :guilabel:`Successful Installation`
|
||||
|
||||
Once the system boots, the Gnome Desktop sign-in screen shown in figure 15
|
||||
appears:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-15.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Gnome sign-in screen
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 15: :guilabel:`Gnome sign-in screen`
|
||||
|
||||
Click on the :guilabel:`username` you created, enter the password, and you
|
||||
will be logged into the system. The Gnome 3 desktop appears as shown in
|
||||
figure 16:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/bare-metal-manual-install-16.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Gnome Desktop Manager
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 16: :guilabel:`Gnome Desktop Manager`
|
||||
|
||||
**Congratulations!**
|
||||
|
||||
You have successfully installed |CL| on a bare metal system using the
|
||||
manual installation method.
|
||||
|
||||
Visit our :ref:`tutorials <tutorials>` section for examples on using your
|
||||
|CL| system.
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`information about stateless`:
|
||||
https://clearLinux.org/features/stateless
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`wiki page about Hostnames`:
|
||||
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hostname
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`learn more about telemetry.`:
|
||||
https://clearLinux.org/features/telemetry
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`latest kernel's command-line parameters`:
|
||||
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.html
|
||||
+304
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
|
||||
.. _cgdisk-manual-install:
|
||||
|
||||
Clear Linux partitioning using CGDISK
|
||||
#####################################
|
||||
|
||||
These instructions guide you through the initial setup of your hard drive
|
||||
partitions using the :command:`cgdisk` utility as part of the |CL| manual
|
||||
installation process. If you do not wish to continue creating your own
|
||||
partitions, :ref:`return to the bare metal manual installation
|
||||
<cgdisk-manual-setup>`.
|
||||
|
||||
Prerequisites
|
||||
*************
|
||||
|
||||
This guide assumes that you have followed the :ref:`bare-metal-install`
|
||||
guide and intend to :ref:`install Clear Linux manually
|
||||
<bare-metal-manual-install>` by choosing the :guilabel:`< Manual(Advanced) >`
|
||||
menu item on the :guilabel:`Choose Installation Type` |CL| Installer setup
|
||||
menu as shown in figure 1:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-1.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Choose installation Type
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 1: :guilabel:`Choose installation Type`
|
||||
|
||||
Partition using CGDISK
|
||||
**********************
|
||||
|
||||
We use the :command:`cgdisk` application to create a
|
||||
:abbr:`GPT (GUID Partition Table)` since |CL| only supports the
|
||||
:abbr:`UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface)` specification. For a
|
||||
complete description of the :command:`cgdisk` utility and how to use it, visit
|
||||
Rod Smith's website for a `GPT fdisk tutorial`_.
|
||||
|
||||
In this guide, we intend to use an unpartitioned hard drive for the |CL|
|
||||
installation.
|
||||
|
||||
#. On the :guilabel:`Choose partitioning method` menu, shown in figure 2,
|
||||
select the :guilabel:`< Manually configure mounts and partitions >` menu
|
||||
item to manually partition your hard drive.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-2.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Choose partitioning method
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 2: :guilabel:`Choose partitioning method`
|
||||
|
||||
The screen then shows the current device on your system you can partition.
|
||||
In this example, shown in figure 3, :file:`/dev/sda` is available but
|
||||
does not have any partitions defined.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select the :guilabel:`< Partition /dev/sda >` menu item and press
|
||||
:kbd:`Enter` to begin the process of modifying this disk.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-3.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Choose a drive to partition using cgdisk tool
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 3: :guilabel:`Choose a drive to partition using cgdisk tool`
|
||||
|
||||
The :command:`cgdisk` application starts and displays the settings for
|
||||
:file:`/dev/sda` as shown in figure 4.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-4.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: cgdisk
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 4: :guilabel:`cgdisk`
|
||||
|
||||
Linux Partition setup
|
||||
*********************
|
||||
|
||||
In order to properly set up the |CL| partitioning scheme, we create three
|
||||
partitions using the :command:`cgdisk` utility in the following order:
|
||||
|
||||
#. EFI boot partition
|
||||
#. Linux swap partition
|
||||
#. Linux root partition
|
||||
|
||||
For a complete understanding of these partitions, you can review the
|
||||
`Linux partitioning scheme`_ information.
|
||||
|
||||
Create the EFI boot partition
|
||||
=============================
|
||||
|
||||
#. With the free space highlighted in the :command:`cgdisk` utility,
|
||||
you can either select the :guilabel:`[ New ]` button and press :kbd:`Enter`
|
||||
or press the :kbd:`N` key to define a new partition.
|
||||
|
||||
The utility prompts you to enter the first sector. Press the :kbd:`Enter`
|
||||
key to accept the default value shown.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
In this example, the first sector starts at 2048. For more information
|
||||
about alignment using the cgdisk tool, see
|
||||
`Rod Smith's Partitioning Advice about alignment`_.
|
||||
|
||||
#. The program then prompts you for the size of the partition. To create a
|
||||
512MB partition, enter 512M and press :kbd:`Enter` as shown in figure 5:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-5.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: cgdisk - New
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 5: :guilabel:`cgdisk - New partition`
|
||||
|
||||
#. To define the type of partition, the :command:`cgdisk` utility has
|
||||
pre-defined partition types. Press the :kbd:`L` key to show the hex codes
|
||||
you can use. Use these codes to set the correct
|
||||
:abbr:`GUID (Globally unique identifier)` for *GPT partition types* as
|
||||
shown in figure 6:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-6.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: cgdisk - hex codes for partition types
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 6: :guilabel:`cgdisk - hex codes for partition types`
|
||||
|
||||
We need to use the following three codes for our partitions:
|
||||
|
||||
* ef00 - EFI System
|
||||
* 8200 - Linux swap
|
||||
* 8300 - Linux filesystem
|
||||
|
||||
#. To create the EFI boot partition, enter ``ef00`` as the hexcode for this
|
||||
partition and press :kbd:`Enter`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. To name the partition, enter ``boot`` and press :kbd:`Enter` to finish
|
||||
setting up the EFI boot partition. The utility shows the first partition as
|
||||
an ``EFI System`` 512MiB partition named ``boot`` as shown in figure 7:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-7.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: cgdisk - boot partition defined
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 7: :guilabel:`cgdisk - boot partition defined`
|
||||
|
||||
Create the Linux swap partition
|
||||
===============================
|
||||
|
||||
Next, we must create the Linux swap partition. In figure 7, notice the two
|
||||
areas defined as free space. We created the first 1007.0 KiB free space area
|
||||
when we started the EFI boot partition at sector 2048. For more information
|
||||
about it, review `Rod Smith's Partitioning advice about alignment`_.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Move your cursor to highlight the larger free space of 334.8 GiB at the
|
||||
bottom of the partition list before you begin to create the Linux swap
|
||||
partition as shown in figure 8:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-8.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: cgdisk - free space selection
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 8: :guilabel:`cgdisk - free space selection`
|
||||
|
||||
#. To create the Linux swap partition, with the largest free space
|
||||
highlighted, select the :guilabel:`[ New ]` button or press the :kbd:`N`
|
||||
key and enter the following values for the Linux swap partition:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
First sector: press :kbd:`Enter` to select the default value
|
||||
Size in sectors: 4G
|
||||
Hex code or GUID: 8200
|
||||
Enter new partition name: swap
|
||||
|
||||
Your :command:`cgdisk` partition list should now look like figure 9.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-9.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: cgdisk - swap partition defined
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 9: :guilabel:`cgdisk - swap partition defined`
|
||||
|
||||
Create the Linux filesystem partition
|
||||
*************************************
|
||||
|
||||
Lastly, we must create the the Linux filesystem partition to use it as the
|
||||
root mount point for you |CL| installation.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Highlight the largest free space entry at the bottom of the list and select
|
||||
the :guilabel:`[ New ]` button or press the :kbd:`N` key and enter the
|
||||
following values to create the Linux filesystem partition:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
First sector: press :kbd:`Enter` to select the default value
|
||||
Size in sectors: press :kbd:`Enter` to select the default value, which
|
||||
is the remainder of available space on the disk
|
||||
Hex code or GUID: 8300
|
||||
Enter new partition name: root
|
||||
|
||||
With all the partitions now defined, you should see a list similar to what
|
||||
is shown in figure 10:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-10.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: cgdisk - defined partitions
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 10: :guilabel:`cgdisk - defined partitions`
|
||||
|
||||
#. If you are satisfied that the partition scheme is correct, you need to
|
||||
write this GPT to the hard drive. Select the :guilabel:`[ Write ]` button
|
||||
or press the :kbd:`W` key and the :command:`cgdisk` program prompts with:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
Are you sure you want to write the partition table to disk? (yes or no)
|
||||
|
||||
#. Enter ``yes`` and press :kbd:`Enter` to write this data to the hard drive
|
||||
and then select the :guilabel:`[ Quit ]` button or press :kbd:`Q` to exit
|
||||
the :command:`cgdisk` utility.
|
||||
|
||||
#. You see the partitions that were created as shown in figure 11. Move your
|
||||
cursor to the :guilabel:`< Next >` button and press :kbd:`Enter`.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-11.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: defined partitions
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 11: :guilabel:`defined partitions`
|
||||
|
||||
Set the mount points
|
||||
********************
|
||||
|
||||
The :guilabel:`Set mount points` menu sets the mount points that the |CL|
|
||||
installer uses for your |CL| installation and is shown in figure 12.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-12.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Set mount points
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 12: :guilabel:`Set mount points`
|
||||
|
||||
In this menu you need to set the mount points for the boot and root partitions
|
||||
and select to format them.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Highlight the EFI System partition type menu entry and press the
|
||||
:kbd:`Enter` key to edit this item. The :guilabel:`Set mount point of
|
||||
sda1` menu is be shown.
|
||||
|
||||
#. For the :guilabel:`Enter mount point:` type `/boot` and press
|
||||
:kbd:`Enter`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Enable formatting the partition by checking the :guilabel:`[ ] Format`
|
||||
toggle field.
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 13 shows the entered information. Select the :guilabel:`< Yes >`
|
||||
button and press :kbd:`Enter`.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-13.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Set mount point of sda1
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 13: :guilabel:`Set mount point of sda1`
|
||||
|
||||
#. Do the same for the Linux filesystem partition by highlighting the
|
||||
:guilabel:`Linux filesystem` menu entry and entering the information shown
|
||||
in figure 14 to set the :guilabel:`Enter mount point:` to :file:`/` and
|
||||
enable formatting:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-14.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Set mount point of sda3
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 14: :guilabel:`Set mount point of sda3`
|
||||
|
||||
The final :guilabel:`Set mount points` menu item looks like figure 15:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-15.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Set mount point completed
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 15: :guilabel:`Set mount points completed`
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select the :guilabel:`< Next >` button and press :kbd:`Enter` to proceed to
|
||||
the :guilabel:`Warning!` menu to accept your changes as shown in figure 16.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/cgdisk-manual-install-16.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Warning
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 16: :guilabel:`Warning`
|
||||
|
||||
Highlight the :guilabel:`< Yes >` button and press :kbd:`Enter` to accept
|
||||
these changes and move on to the next step of the |CL| manual install
|
||||
process.
|
||||
|
||||
This completes the process of manually setting up your hard drive
|
||||
partitions and you can now :ref:`continue with the Clear Linux manual
|
||||
install<choose-target-device>`.
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`GPT fdisk tutorial`:
|
||||
http://www.rodsbooks.com/gdisk/
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`Rod Smith's Partitioning Advice about alignment`:
|
||||
http://www.rodsbooks.com/gdisk/advice.html#alignment
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`information about swupd`:
|
||||
https://clearlinux.org/features/software-update
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`Linux partitioning scheme`:
|
||||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/partitioning#Partition_scheme
|
||||
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@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ information and instructions on how to complete pre-install tasks.
|
||||
|
||||
../reference/system-requirements
|
||||
bare-metal-install/bare-metal-install
|
||||
bare-metal-install/bare-metal-manual-install
|
||||
bare-metal-install/cgdisk-manual-install
|
||||
virtual-machine-install/virtual-machine-install
|
||||
live-image
|
||||
compatibility-check
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
|
||||
.. _enable-user-space:
|
||||
|
||||
Create and enable a new user space
|
||||
##################################
|
||||
|
||||
This section provides steps to complete the following basic setup tasks for
|
||||
a newly installed |CL| system:
|
||||
|
||||
* Create a new user
|
||||
* Update the OS to its most current version using `swupd`.
|
||||
* Install the most common applications for system administrators and
|
||||
developers using bundles.
|
||||
* Setup a new user.
|
||||
* Setup `sudo` privileges for that new user.
|
||||
* Install a GUI using those `sudo` privileges.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
You must be logged in as the root user to complete the tasks in this
|
||||
section.
|
||||
|
||||
Create a new user
|
||||
=================
|
||||
|
||||
To create a new user and set a password for that user, enter the following
|
||||
commands as a root user:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
useradd <userid>
|
||||
passwd <userid>
|
||||
|
||||
Replace <userid> with the name of the user account you want to create and
|
||||
with the password for said user. The :command:`passwd` command prompts you
|
||||
to enter a new password and then retype the new password for the new user
|
||||
account you just created.
|
||||
|
||||
Install and update software
|
||||
===========================
|
||||
|
||||
|CL| has a unique application and architecture to add and update applications
|
||||
and to perform system updates called software update utility or
|
||||
:command:`swupd`. Software applications are installed as bundles using the
|
||||
sub-command :command:`bundle-add`.
|
||||
|
||||
The `os-clr-on-clr` bundle installs the vast majority of
|
||||
applications useful to a system administrator or a developer. The bundle
|
||||
contains other bundles such as `sysadmin-basic`, `editors`, `c-basic`,
|
||||
`dev-utils-dev`, and other useful packages.
|
||||
|
||||
Install the `os-clr-on-clr` bundle using the software update
|
||||
utility:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
swupd bundle-add os-clr-on-clr
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
|
||||
The image we installed may not be the latest version of |CL| available on
|
||||
the server. However, whenever the command
|
||||
:command:`swupd bundle-add <bundle>` runs, the OS is updated to the latest
|
||||
available version. Our website provides more `information about swupd`_.
|
||||
|
||||
We provide the full list of bundles and packages installed with the
|
||||
`os-clr-on-clr`_ bundle. Additionally, we have listed
|
||||
`all Clear Linux bundles`_, active or deprecated. Click any bundle on the
|
||||
list to view the manifest of the bundle.
|
||||
|
||||
Finish setting up your new user
|
||||
===============================
|
||||
|
||||
Before logging off as root and logging into your new user account, we must
|
||||
enable the :command:`sudo` command for your new `<userid>`.
|
||||
|
||||
To be able to execute all applications with root privileges, we must add the
|
||||
`<userid>` to the `wheel group`_ and enable the wheel group in the
|
||||
:file:`/etc/sudoers` file.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Add `<userid>` to the wheel group:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
usermod -G wheel -a <userid>
|
||||
|
||||
#. Open the :file:`/etc/sudoers` file:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
vi /etc/sudoers
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
|
||||
Normally, we would use the visudo script to edit the :file:`/etc/sudoers`
|
||||
file to safely modify the contents of the file. In this instance, the
|
||||
file does not exist yet. Therefore, we create the initial instance of
|
||||
the file.
|
||||
|
||||
#. In the vi\* editor window, press the :kbd:`o` key to open a new line.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Add the following line to the file:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
|
||||
|
||||
#. To save the changes to the file and exit vi, press the :kbd:`ESC` key
|
||||
followed by the :kbd:`:` and :kbd:`x` keys.
|
||||
|
||||
.. important::
|
||||
|
||||
Creating the file logged as the root user keeps the permissions of the
|
||||
file with the root user.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Now, we can log out of root and into our new `<userid>`.
|
||||
|
||||
To log off as root, enter :command:`exit`.
|
||||
|
||||
The command will bring you back to the `login:` prompt.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Enter the new `<userid>` and the password you created earlier.
|
||||
|
||||
You will now be in the home directory of `<userid>`. The bundle
|
||||
`os-clr-on-clr`_ contains the majority of applications that a developer or
|
||||
system administrator would want but it does not include a graphical user
|
||||
interface. The `desktop` bundle includes the Gnome Desktop Manager and
|
||||
additional supporting applications.
|
||||
|
||||
Install a GUI to test sudo
|
||||
--------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
To test the :command:`sudo` command and ensure it is set up correctly,
|
||||
install the Gnome Desktop Manager (gdm) and start it.
|
||||
|
||||
#. To install Gnome using :command:`swupd`, enter the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
sudo swupd bundle-add desktop
|
||||
|
||||
#. To start the Gnome Desktop Manager, enter the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
systemctl start gdm
|
||||
|
||||
#. The system prompts you to authenticate the user. Enter the password for
|
||||
`<userid>` and the Gnome Desktop should start as shown in figure 13:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/gnomedt.png
|
||||
:scale: 50 %
|
||||
:alt: Gnome Desktop
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 13: :guilabel:`Gnome Desktop`
|
||||
|
||||
#. To start the Gnome Desktop each time you start your system, enter
|
||||
the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
systemctl enable gdm
|
||||
|
||||
Next steps
|
||||
==========
|
||||
|
||||
With your system now running |CL| many paths are open for you.
|
||||
|
||||
Visit our :ref:`tutorials <tutorials>` page for examples on using your |CL|
|
||||
system.
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`information about swupd`:
|
||||
https://clearlinux.org/features/software-update
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`os-clr-on-clr`:
|
||||
https://github.com/clearlinux/clr-bundles/blob/master/bundles/os-clr-on-clr
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`all Clear Linux bundles`:
|
||||
https://github.com/clearlinux/clr-bundles/tree/master/bundles
|
||||
|
||||
.. _`wheel group`:
|
||||
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_(Unix_term)
|
||||
Regular → Executable
|
Before Width: | Height: | Size: 1.4 MiB After Width: | Height: | Size: 1.4 MiB |
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ maintaining |CLOSIA| after :ref:`installation <get-started>` is completed.
|
||||
.. toctree::
|
||||
:maxdepth: 2
|
||||
|
||||
enable-user-space
|
||||
update
|
||||
bulk-provision
|
||||
mixer
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user