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<title>使用 DPDK 在平台之间发送数据包 &mdash; Documentation for Clear Linux* project</title>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/index.html">开始使用</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/index.html#pre-install">安装前</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/compatibility-check.html">检查处理器和 EFI 固件的兼容性</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/compatibility-check.html#check-compatibility">检查兼容性</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bootable-usb.html">创建可引导 U 盘</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bootable-usb.html#prerequisites">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bootable-usb.html#create-a-bootable-usb-drive-on-linux">在 Linux* 上创建可引导 U 盘</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bootable-usb.html#create-a-bootable-usb-drive-on-macos">在 macOS* 上创建可引导 U 盘</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bootable-usb.html#create-a-bootable-usb-drive-on-windows">在 Windows* 上创建可引导 U 盘</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-desktop.html#system-requirements">系统要求</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-desktop.html#preliminary-steps">初始步骤</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-desktop.html#install-from-live-image">从实时映像安装</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-desktop.html#minimum-installation-requirements">最低安装要求</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-desktop.html#cl-desktop-installer">Clear Linux OS 桌面安装程序</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-desktop.html#finish-installation">完成安装</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-server.html">使用实时服务器将 Clear Linux* OS 安装在裸机上</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-server.html#system-requirements">系统要求</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-server.html#download-the-latest-cl-live-server-image">下载最新的 Clear Linux OS 实时服务器映像</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-server.html#install-cl-on-your-target-system">在目标系统上安装 Clear Linux OS</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-server.html#launch-the-cl-installer">启动 Clear Linux OS 安装程序</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-server.html#minimum-installation-requirements">最低安装要求</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-server.html#main-menu">主菜单</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-server.html#navigation">导航</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-server.html#required-options">必填选项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-server.html#recommended-options">推荐选项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-server.html#advanced-options">高级选项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-server.html#finish-installation">完成安装</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/bare-metal-install-server.html#troubleshooting">故障检修</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/install-configfile.html">利用 clr-installer 和配置文件安装</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/install-configfile.html#prerequisites">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/install-configfile.html#process">流程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/install-configfile.html#references">参考</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/index.html#install-in-a-virtual-machine">在虚拟机上安装</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/hyper-v.html">Microsoft Hyper-V* 上的 Clear Linux* OS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/hyper-v.html#prerequisites">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/hyper-v.html#enable-hyper-v">启用 Hyper-V</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/hyper-v.html#create-a-virtual-network">创建虚拟网络</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/hyper-v.html#create-a-virtual-machine">创建虚拟机</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/kvm.html">KVM 上的 Clear Linux* OS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/kvm.html#install-qemu-kvm">安装 QEMU-KVM</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/kvm.html#download-and-launch-the-virtual-machine">下载并开启虚拟机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/kvm.html#ssh-access-into-the-virtual-machine">通过 SSH 访问虚拟机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/kvm.html#optional-add-the-gnome-display-manager-gdm">可选：添加 GNOME Display Manager (GDM)</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/virtualbox-cl-installer.html">VirtualBox* 上的 Clear Linux* OS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/virtualbox-cl-installer.html#prerequisites">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/virtualbox-cl-installer.html#download-and-extract-the-cl-installer-iso">下载并解压缩 Clear Linux OS 安装程序 ISO</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/virtualbox-cl-installer.html#create-a-new-vb-virtual-machine">创建新的 VirtualBox 虚拟机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/virtualbox-cl-installer.html#install-cl-on-the-vb-vm">在 VirtualBox 虚拟机上安装 Clear Linux OS。</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/virtualbox-cl-installer.html#troubleshooting">故障检修</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player.html">VMware* Workstation Player 上的 Clear Linux* OS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player.html#install-the-vmware-workstation-player-hypervisor">安装 VMware Workstation Player 虚拟机管理程序</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player.html#download-the-latest-cl-installer">下载最新的 Clear Linux OS 安装程序</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player.html#create-and-configure-a-new-vm">创建并配置新虚拟机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player.html#enable-uefi-boot-support">启用 UEFI 引导支持</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player.html#install-cl-into-the-new-vm">将 Clear Linux OS 安装至新虚拟机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player.html#detach-the-cl-installer-iso-from-the-vm">从虚拟机断开 Clear Linux OS 安装程序 ISO</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player.html#install-open-vm-tools">安装 open-vm-tools</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player.html#related-topics">相关主题</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player-preconf.html">VMware* Workstation Player （预配置映像）上的 Clear Linux* OS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player-preconf.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player-preconf.html#install-the-vmware-workstation-player-hypervisor">安装 VMware Workstation Player 虚拟机管理程序</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player-preconf.html#download-the-latest-cl-vmware-image">下载最新的 Clear Linux OS VMware 映像</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player-preconf.html#decompress-and-verify-the-image">解压缩并验证映像</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player-preconf.html#create-and-configure-a-new-vm">创建并配置新虚拟机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player-preconf.html#attach-the-pre-configured-cl-vmware-image">挂载预配置的 Clear Linux OS Vmware 映像</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player-preconf.html#enable-uefi-boot-support">启用 UEFI 引导支持</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player-preconf.html#power-on-the-vm">开启虚拟机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmw-player-preconf.html#related-topics">相关主题</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-install-cl.html">VMware* ESXi 上的 Clear Linux* OS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-install-cl.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-install-cl.html#download-the-latest-cl-installer-iso">下载最新的 Clear Linux OS 安装程序 ISO</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-install-cl.html#upload-the-cl-installer-iso-to-the-vmware-server">将 Clear Linux OS 安装程序 ISO 上传至 VMware 服务器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-install-cl.html#create-and-configure-a-new-vm">创建并配置新虚拟机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-install-cl.html#install-cl-into-the-new-vm">将 Clear Linux OS 安装至新虚拟机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-install-cl.html#reconfigure-the-vm-s-settings-to-boot-the-newly-installed-cl">重新配置虚拟机设置，以引导新安装的 Clear Linux OS</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-install-cl.html#power-on-the-vm-and-boot-cl">开启虚拟机，引导 Clear Linux OS</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-install-cl.html#related-topics">相关主题</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-preconfigured-cl-image.html">VMware* ESXi（预配置映像）上的 Clear Linux* OS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-preconfigured-cl-image.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-preconfigured-cl-image.html#download-the-latest-cl-vmware-image">下载最新的 Clear Linux OS VMware 映像</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-preconfigured-cl-image.html#upload-the-cl-image-to-the-vmware-server">将 Clear Linux OS 映像上传至 VMware 服务器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-preconfigured-cl-image.html#convert-the-cl-image-to-an-esxi-supported-format">将 Clear Linux OS 映像转换为 ESXi 支持的格式。</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-preconfigured-cl-image.html#create-and-configure-a-new-vm">创建并配置新虚拟机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-preconfigured-cl-image.html#power-on-the-vm-and-boot-cl">开启虚拟机，引导 Clear Linux OS</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/virtual-machine-install/vmware-esxi-preconfigured-cl-image.html#related-topics">相关主题</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/increase-virtual-disk-size.html">增加映像的虚拟磁盘大小</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/increase-virtual-disk-size.html#determine-the-partition-order-and-sizes-of-the-prebuilt-image">确定预构建映像的分区顺序和大小。</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/increase-virtual-disk-size.html#id2">增加虚拟盘大小</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/index.html#deploy-to-the-cloud">部署到云</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/aws-web.html">Amazon Web Services* 上的 Clear Linux* OS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/aws-web.html#prerequisites">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/aws-web.html#locate-select-and-launch-the-cl-basic-ami">找到、选择并启动 Clear Linux OS 基本 AMI</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/aws-web.html#connect-to-your-clear-linux-os-basic-instance">连接到 Clear Linux 操作系统基本实例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/aws-web.html#update-the-cl-instance">更新 Clear Linux OS 实例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/aws-web.html#stop-the-cl-instance">停止 Clear Linux OS 实例</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/azure.html">Microsoft* Azure* 上的 Clear Linux* OS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/azure.html#install-ms-azure-cli-2-0-on-cl">在 Clear Linux OS 中安装 Microsoft Azure CLI 2.0</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/azure.html#log-into-your-microsoft-azure-account">登录到您的 Microsoft Azure 帐户</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/azure.html#create-a-ms-azure-resource-group">创建 Microsoft Azure 资源组</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/azure.html#create-and-log-into-the-cl-virtual-machine">创建 Clear Linux OS 虚拟机并登录到该虚拟机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/azure.html#stop-and-deallocate-the-cl-vm-and-resources">停止并取消分配 Clear Linux OS 虚拟机和资源</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/azure.html#next-steps">后续步骤</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/gce.html">Google Cloud Platform* 上的 Clear Linux* OS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/gce.html#prerequisites">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/gce.html#setup-cl-vm-on-gcp">在 GCP 上安装 Clear Linux OS 虚拟机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/gce.html#related-topics">相关主题</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/qingcloud.html">Clear Linux* OS on QingCloud* (如何在青云 QingCloud 上创建 Clear Linux OS 虚拟主机)</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/qingcloud.html#id2">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/qingcloud.html#qingcloud-cl">在 QingCloud 控制台中选择并启动 Clear Linux OS 虚拟主机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/qingcloud.html#ip">申请公网IP并添加到虚拟主机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/qingcloud.html#cl">连接到 Clear Linux OS 虚拟主机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/qingcloud.html#id3">删除 Clear Linux OS 虚拟主机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../get-started/cloud-install/qingcloud.html#id4">删除申请的公网IP</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../about.html#release-cadence">发行节奏</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="reference internal" href="../index.html">指南</a><ul class="current">
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/autoproxy.html#description">描述</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/autospec.html">autospec</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/autospec.html#description">描述</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/autospec.html#test-packaged-software">测试封装后的软件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/autospec.html#references">参考</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/autospec.html#related-topics">相关主题</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/bundles.html">bundle 文件</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/bundles.html#related-topics">相关主题</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/compatible-kernels.html">内核</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/compatible-kernels.html#bare-metal-only">仅限裸机</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/compatible-kernels.html#also-compatible-with-vms">也与虚拟机兼容</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/compatible-kernels.html#vm-only">仅限虚拟机</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/debug.html">调试系统</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/debug.html#background">后台</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/debug.html#usage">用途</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/debug.html#implementation">实施</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/ister.html">ister.py image builder</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/ister.html#description">描述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/ister.html#examples">示例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/ister.html#related-topics">相关主题</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/mixer.html">mixer</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/mixer.html#description">描述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/mixer.html#how-it-works">工作原理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/mixer.html#examples">示例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/mixer.html#references">参考</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/mixer.html#related-topics">相关主题</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/security.html">操作系统安全性</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/security.html#security-in-updates">更新方面的安全举措</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/security.html#security-in-software">软件方面的安全举措</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/security.html#security-in-system-design">系统设计方面的安全举措</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/stateless.html">无状态</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/stateless.html#file-level-separation">文件级隔离</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/stateless.html#software-configuration">软件配置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/stateless.html#system-reset">系统重置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/stateless.html#additional-information">附加说明</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/swupd.html">swupd</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/swupd.html#description">描述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/swupd.html#how-it-works">工作原理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/swupd.html#examples">示例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/swupd.html#quick-reference">快速参考</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/swupd.html#related-topics">相关主题</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/telemetrics.html">遥测</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/telemetrics.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/telemetrics.html#how-to-use">使用方法</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/telemetrics.html#examples">示例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../clear/telemetrics.html#reference">参考</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../index.html#maintenance">维护</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/architect-lifecycle.html">设计 Clear Linux* OS 生命周期</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/architect-lifecycle.html#prerequisites">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/architect-lifecycle.html#description">描述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/architect-lifecycle.html#content-workflow">内容工作流程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/architect-lifecycle.html#release-workflow">版本工作流程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/architect-lifecycle.html#implementation">实施</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/assign-static-ip.html">分配静态 IP 地址</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/assign-static-ip.html#identify-which-program-is-managing-the-interface">确定哪个程序正在管理接口</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/assign-static-ip.html#using-networkmanager">使用 NetworkManager</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/assign-static-ip.html#using-systemd-networkd">使用 systemd-networkd</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/bulk-provision.html">批量供应</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/bulk-provision.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/bulk-provision.html#prerequisites">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/bulk-provision.html#configuration">配置</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/cpu-performance.html">CPU 功率和性能</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/cpu-performance.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/cpu-performance.html#cpu-power-saving-mechanisms">CPU 节能机制</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/cpu-performance.html#linux-cpu-clock-frequency-scaling">Linux CPU 时钟频率缩放</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/cpu-performance.html#thermal-management">散热管理</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/deploy-at-scale.html">大规模部署</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/deploy-at-scale.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/deploy-at-scale.html#pick-a-usage-and-update-strategy">选择使用和更新策略</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/deploy-at-scale.html#pick-an-image-distribution-strategy">选择映像分发策略</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/deploy-at-scale.html#considerations-with-stateless-systems">有关无状态系统的注意事项</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/developer-workstation.html">开发人员工作站</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/developer-workstation.html#workstation-setup">工作站设置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/developer-workstation.html#swupd-search">swupd 搜索</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/developer-workstation.html#core-concepts">核心概念</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/download-verify-decompress.html">下载、验证并解压缩 Clear Linux* OS 映像，</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/download-verify-decompress.html#linux-os-steps">Linux 操作系统步骤</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/download-verify-decompress.html#macos-steps">macOS* 步骤</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/download-verify-decompress.html#windows-os-steps">Windows* 操作系统步骤</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/download-verify-decompress.html#image-types">映像类型</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/enable-user-space.html">创建并启用新的用户空间</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/enable-user-space.html#create-a-new-user">创建新用户</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/enable-user-space.html#add-the-new-user-to-the-wheel-group">将新用户添加到 wheel 组</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/enable-user-space.html#install-and-update-the-os-software-to-its-current-version">安装操作系统软件并将其更新到最新版本</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/enable-user-space.html#add-a-bundle">添加捆绑包</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/enable-user-space.html#next-steps">后续步骤</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/fix-broken-install.html">修复损坏的安装</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/fix-broken-install.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/fix-broken-install.html#prerequisites">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/fix-broken-install.html#boot-a-live-desktop-image-to-fix-target-system">引导实时桌面映像来修复目标系统</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/fix-broken-install.html#install-from-live-image">从实时映像安装</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/fix-broken-install.html#mount-root-partition-verify-and-fix">挂载根分区，然后验证并修复</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/hostname.html">修改主机名</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/hostname.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/hostname.html#set-your-hostname">设置主机名</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/hostname.html#view-your-hostname">查看主机名</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/increase-virtual-disk-size.html">增加映像的虚拟磁盘大小</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/increase-virtual-disk-size.html#determine-the-partition-order-and-sizes-of-the-prebuilt-image">确定预构建映像的分区顺序和大小。</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/increase-virtual-disk-size.html#id2">增加虚拟盘大小</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/query-upstream.html">从上游存储库查询软件包信息</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/query-upstream.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/query-upstream.html#prerequisites">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/query-upstream.html#configure-dnf">配置 DNF</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/query-upstream.html#dnf-command-usage-examples">DNF 命令用法示例</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/resource-limits.html">资源限制</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/resource-limits.html#system-wide-limits">系统范围限制</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/resource-limits.html#per-user-limits">每用户限制</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/resource-limits.html#service-limits">服务限制</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/restart.html">操作系统更新后重启系统服务</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/restart.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/restart.html#how-it-works">工作原理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/restart.html#basic-options">基本选项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/restart.html#monitor-options">监控选项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/restart.html#example">示例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/restart.html#telemetry">遥测技术</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/restart.html#conclusion">总结</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/time.html">设置时间</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/validate-signatures.html">验证签名</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/validate-signatures.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/validate-signatures.html#image-content-validation">映像内容验证</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../maintenance/validate-signatures.html#update-content-validation">更新内容验证</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2 current"><a class="reference internal" href="../index.html#network">网络</a><ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="custom-clear-container.html">根据 Docker 容器映像构建一个自定义 Clear Linux* OS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="custom-clear-container.html#prerequisites">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="custom-clear-container.html#build-the-base-container-image">构建基础容器映像</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="custom-clear-container.html#manage-bundles-in-a-container">管理容器中的捆绑包</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">使用 DPDK 在平台之间发送数据包</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#prerequisites">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#install-dpdk-and-build-l3fwd-example-platform-b">安装 dpdk 并构建 l3fwd 示例（平台 B）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#build-pktgen-platform-a">构建 pktgen（平台 A）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#bind-nics-to-dpdk-kernel-drivers-platforms-a-and-b">将网卡绑定到 DPDK 内核驱动程序（平台 A 和平台 B）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#set-hugepages-platforms-a-and-b">设置大页（平台 A 和 B）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#set-up-the-physical-environment-platforms-a-and-b">设置物理环境（平台 A 和 B）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#run-l3fwd-application-platform-b">运行 l3fwd 应用程序（平台 B）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#run-pktgen-application-platform-a">运行 pktgen 应用程序（平台 A）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="#appendix-a-use-pass-through-for-virtual-machines">附录 A：为虚拟机使用直通</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ipxe-install.html">使用 iPXE 通过网络安装</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="ipxe-install.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="ipxe-install.html#prerequisites">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="ipxe-install.html#configuration">配置</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="network-bonding.html">使用网络捆绑聚合多个接口</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="openssh-server.html">启用并配置 SSH 服务</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="openssh-server.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="openssh-server.html#prerequisites">必备条件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="openssh-server.html#change-default-port">更改默认端口</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="openssh-server.html#enable-sftp">启用 SFTP</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="openssh-server.html#enable-root-login">启用 root 登录</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="openssh-server.html#enable-x11-forwarding">启用 X11 转发</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="vnc.html">使用 VNC 通过远程桌面连接到主机</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="vnc.html#install-the-vnc-server-and-misc-components-on-your-host">在主机上安装 VNC 服务器和其他组件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="vnc.html#configure-a-vnc-server-start-method-on-your-host">在主机上配置 VNC-server-start 方法</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="vnc.html#install-a-vnc-viewer-app-and-an-ssh-client-on-your-client-system">在客户端系统上安装一个 VNC 查看器应用程序和一个 SSH 客户端</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="vnc.html#establish-a-vnc-connection-to-your-host">与主机建立 VNC 连接</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="vnc.html#terminate-a-vnc-connection-to-your-host">终止与主机的 VNC 连接</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="vnc.html#encrypt-vnc-traffic-through-an-ssh-tunnel">通过 SSH 隧道加密 VNC 流量</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../index.html#kernel">内核</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-development.html">内核开发</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-development.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-development.html#request-changes-be-included-with-the-cl-kernel">Clear Linux OS 内核中包含了请求变更</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-development.html#set-up-kernel-development-environment">设置内核开发环境</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-development.html#customize-the-linux-kernel-source">自定义 Linux 内核源代码</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-development.html#build-and-install-the-kernel">构建并安装内核</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-development.html#related-topics">相关主题</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules.html">手动添加内核模块</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules.html#description">描述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules.html#kernel-module-availability">内核模块可用性</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules.html#build-install-and-load-an-out-of-tree-module">构建、安装和加载树外模块</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules.html#examples">示例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules.html#related-topic">相关主题</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules-dkms.html">使用 DKMS 添加内核模块</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules-dkms.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules-dkms.html#description">描述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules-dkms.html#kernel-module-availability">内核模块可用性</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules-dkms.html#install-dkms">安装 DKMS</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules-dkms.html#build-install-and-load-an-out-of-tree-module">构建、安装和加载树外模块</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules-dkms.html#examples">示例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../kernel/kernel-modules-dkms.html#related-topics">相关主题</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../index.html#stacks">堆栈</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/dars.html">数据分析参考堆栈</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/dars.html#the-data-analytics-reference-stack-release">数据分析参考堆栈版本</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/dars.html#using-the-docker-images">使用 Docker 映像</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/dars.html#building-dars-images">构建 DARS 映像</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/greengrass.html">启用 AWS Greengrass* 和 OpenVINO™ 工具包</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/greengrass.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/greengrass.html#supported-platforms">支持的平台</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/greengrass.html#install-the-os-on-the-edge-device">在边缘设备上安装操作系统</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/greengrass.html#configure-aws-greengrass-group">配置 AWS Greengrass 组</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/greengrass.html#create-and-package-lambda-function">创建并打包 Lambda 函数</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/greengrass.html#configure-lambda-function">配置 Lambda 函数</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/greengrass.html#deploy-lambda-function">部署 Lambda 函数</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/greengrass.html#references">参考</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/dlrs/dlrs.html">深度学习参考堆栈</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/dlrs/dlrs.html#overview">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/dlrs/dlrs.html#tensorflow-single-and-multi-node-benchmarks">TensorFlow 单节点和多节点基准测试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/dlrs/dlrs.html#pytorch-single-and-multi-node-benchmarks">PyTorch 单节点和多节点基准测试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/dlrs/dlrs.html#kubeflow-multi-node-benchmarks">Kubeflow 多节点基准测试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/dlrs/dlrs.html#use-jupyter-notebook">使用 Jupyter Notebook</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/dlrs/dlrs.html#uninstallation">卸载</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../stacks/dlrs/dlrs.html#related-topics">相关主题</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/index.html">Tutorials</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/apache-hadoop.html">Apache* Hadoop*</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/apache-hadoop.html#prerequisites">Prerequisites</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/apache-hadoop.html#install-apache-hadoop">Install Apache Hadoop</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/apache-hadoop.html#configure-your-ssh-key">Configure your SSH key</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/apache-hadoop.html#run-the-hadoop-daemons">Run the Hadoop daemons</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/apache-hadoop.html#run-the-mapreduce-wordcount-example">Run the MapReduce wordcount example</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/apache-spark.html">Apache* Spark*</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/apache-spark.html#install-apache-spark">Install Apache Spark</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/apache-spark.html#configure-apache-spark">Configure Apache Spark</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/apache-spark.html#start-the-master-server-and-a-worker-daemon">Start the master server and a worker daemon</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/apache-spark.html#run-the-spark-wordcount-example">Run the Spark wordcount example</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html">Deep Learning Reference Stack</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#overview">Overview</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#stack-features">Stack features</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#tensorflow-single-and-multi-node-benchmarks">TensorFlow single and multi-node benchmarks</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#pytorch-single-and-multi-node-benchmarks">PyTorch single and multi-node benchmarks</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#kubeflow-multi-node-benchmarks">Kubeflow multi-node benchmarks</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#kubernetes-setup">Kubernetes setup</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#kubernetes-networking">Kubernetes networking</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#results-of-running-this-section">Results of running this section</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#tensorflow-training-tfjob-with-kubeflow-and-dlrs">TensorFlow Training (TFJob) with Kubeflow and DLRS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#submitting-tfjobs">Submitting TFJobs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#customizing-a-tfjob">Customizing a TFJob</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#pytorch-training-pytorch-job-with-kubeflow-and-dlrs">PyTorch Training (PyTorch Job) with Kubeflow and DLRS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#submitting-pytorch-jobs">Submitting PyTorch Jobs</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#using-kubeflow-seldon-and-openvino-with-the-deep-learning-reference-stack">Using Kubeflow Seldon and OpenVINO* with the Deep Learning Reference Stack</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#pre-requisites">Pre-requisites</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#using-the-intel-openvino-model-optimizer">Using the Intel® OpenVINO Model Optimizer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#using-the-openvino-inference-engine">Using the OpenVino Inference Engine</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#use-jupyter-notebook">Use Jupyter Notebook</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#uninstallation">Uninstallation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/dlrs.html#compiling-aixprt-with-openmp-on-dlrs">Compiling AIXPRT with OpenMP on DLRS</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/docker.html">Docker*</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/docker.html#prerequisites">Prerequisites</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/flatpak.html">Flatpak*</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/flatpak.html#prerequisites">Prerequisites</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/flatpak.html#install-a-flatpak-app-with-gnome-software">Install a Flatpak app with Gnome Software</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/flatpak.html#install-a-flatpak-with-the-command-line">Install a Flatpak with the command line</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/fmv.html">Function multi-versioning</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/fmv.html#install-and-configure-a-cl-host-on-bare-metal">Install and configure a Clear Linux OS host on bare metal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/fmv.html#detect-loop-vectorization-candidates">Detect loop vectorization candidates</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/fmv.html#generate-the-fmv-patch">Generate the FMV patch</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/fmv.html#fft-project-example-using-fftw">FFT project example using FFTW</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/kata.html">Kata Containers*</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/kata.html#description">Description</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/kata.html#run-kata-containers">Run Kata Containers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/kata.html#more-information-about-docker">More information about Docker</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/kubernetes.html">Kubernetes*</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/kubernetes.html#configure-and-run-kubernetes">Configure and run Kubernetes</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/kubernetes.html#configure-and-run-cri-o-kata-runtime">Configure and run CRI-O + kata-runtime</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/kubernetes.html#install-pod-network-add-on">Install pod network add-on</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/kubernetes.html#use-your-cluster">Use your cluster</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/kubernetes.html#related-topics">Related topics</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/kubernetes-bp.html">Kubernetes* Best Practices</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/kubernetes-bp.html#use-swupd-to-update-clusters">Use swupd to update clusters</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../tutorials/kubernetes-bp.html#update-the-control-plane">Update the control plane</a></li>
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<li>使用 DPDK 在平台之间发送数据包</li>
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<div class="section" id="use-dpdk-to-send-packets-between-platforms">
<span id="dpdk"></span><h1>使用 DPDK 在平台之间发送数据包<a class="headerlink" href="#use-dpdk-to-send-packets-between-platforms" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h1>
<p>本指南介绍如何在两个平台之间发送数据包。</p>
<div class="contents local topic" id="id1">
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#overview" id="id5">概述</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#prerequisites" id="id6">必备条件</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#install-dpdk-and-build-l3fwd-example-platform-b" id="id7">安装 dpdk 并构建 l3fwd 示例（平台 B）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#build-pktgen-platform-a" id="id8">构建 pktgen（平台 A）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#bind-nics-to-dpdk-kernel-drivers-platforms-a-and-b" id="id9">将网卡绑定到 DPDK 内核驱动程序（平台 A 和平台 B）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-hugepages-platforms-a-and-b" id="id10">设置大页（平台 A 和 B）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-up-the-physical-environment-platforms-a-and-b" id="id11">设置物理环境（平台 A 和 B）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#run-l3fwd-application-platform-b" id="id12">运行 l3fwd 应用程序（平台 B）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#run-pktgen-application-platform-a" id="id13">运行 pktgen 应用程序（平台 A）</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#appendix-a-use-pass-through-for-virtual-machines" id="id14">附录 A：为虚拟机使用直通</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="overview">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5">概述</a><a class="headerlink" href="#overview" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>图 1 显示了如何通过简单的配置在两个平台之间发送数据包。该示例使用了 <abbr title="DPDK">Data Plane Development Kit</abbr>，它是一套用于快速处理数据包的库、驱动程序、示例应用程序和工具。</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id3">
<img alt="Platform A and B" src="../../_images/pktgen_lw3fd.png" />
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">图 1：l3fwd DPDK 应用程序的环境</span></p>
</div>
<p>本示例使用以下 DPDK 组件：</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>pktgen：流量生成器。有关详细信息，请参阅 <a class="reference external" href="http://pktgen-dpdk.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html">pktgen</a> 文档。</li>
<li>l3fwd：第 3 层转发示例应用程序。有关详细信息，请参阅 <a class="reference external" href="http://dpdk.org/doc/guides/sample_app_ug/l3_forward.html">l3fwd</a> 文档。</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="prerequisites">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6">必备条件</a><a class="headerlink" href="#prerequisites" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<ul>
<li><p class="first">两个平台使用 Clear Linux* OS <a class="reference external" href="https://cdn.download.clearlinux.org/releases/13330/">13330</a> 或更高版本。</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">两个映像都必须包含 <strong class="command">kernel-native</strong> 捆绑包。</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">使用以下命令安装 <strong class="command">network-basic-dev</strong> 捆绑包：</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo swupd bundle-add network-basic-dev
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">每个平台必须至少有一个 <abbr title="Network Interface Card">NIC</abbr>。查阅 <a class="reference external" href="http://dpdk.org">DPDK project</a> 了解受支持的 <a class="reference external" href="http://dpdk.org/doc/nics">dpdk.org NICs</a> 列表。</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">两根网线。</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="install-dpdk-and-build-l3fwd-example-platform-b">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7">安装 dpdk 并构建 l3fwd 示例（平台 B）</a><a class="headerlink" href="#install-dpdk-and-build-l3fwd-example-platform-b" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p class="first">切换到 <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">l3fwd</span></code> 示例目录。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo <span class="nb">cd</span> /usr/share/dpdk/examples/l3fwd
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">将 <span class="target" id="index-8"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RTE_SDK</span></code> 变量分配给 makefiles 路径。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo <span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">RTE_SDK</span><span class="o">=</span>/usr/share/dpdk/
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">将 <span class="target" id="index-9"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RTE_TARGET</span></code> 变量分配给 gcc* 配置文件的位置。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo <span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">RTE_TARGET</span><span class="o">=</span>x86_64-native-linuxapp-gcc
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">构建 <cite>l3fwd</cite> 应用程序，并将配置头文件添加到 <strong class="makevar">CFLAGS</strong> 变量中。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo make <span class="nv">CFLAGS</span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="s2">&quot;-include /usr/include/rte_config.h&quot;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="section" id="build-pktgen-platform-a">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8">构建 pktgen（平台 A）</a><a class="headerlink" href="#build-pktgen-platform-a" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p class="first">下载 <a class="reference external" href="http://dpdk.org/browse/apps/pktgen-dpdk/refs">pktgen tar package</a> v3.1.2 或更高版本。</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">解压缩软件包，并切换到未解压缩的源目录。</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">将 <span class="target" id="index-10"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RTE_SDK</span></code> 变量分配给 makefiles 所在的路径。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo <span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">RTE_SDK</span><span class="o">=</span>/usr/share/dpdk/
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">将 <span class="target" id="index-11"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RTE_TARGET</span></code> 分配给 gcc 配置文件的位置。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo <span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">RTE_TARGET</span><span class="o">=</span>x86_64-native-linuxapp-gcc
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">构建 <cite>pktgen</cite> 项目，并将 <strong class="makevar">CONFIG_RTE_BUILD_SHARED_LIB</strong> 变量设置为 “n”。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo make <span class="nv">CONFIG_RTE_BUILD_SHARED_LIB</span><span class="o">=</span>n
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="section" id="bind-nics-to-dpdk-kernel-drivers-platforms-a-and-b">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9">将网卡绑定到 DPDK 内核驱动程序（平台 A 和平台 B）</a><a class="headerlink" href="#bind-nics-to-dpdk-kernel-drivers-platforms-a-and-b" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p><cite>l3fwd</cite> 应用程序使用两个网卡。DPDK 包括将网卡绑定到 DPDK 模块以运行 DPDK 应用程序的工具。</p>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p class="first">加载 DPDK I/O 内核模块。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo modprobe vfio-pci
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">检查网卡以确定哪些网卡为空闲状态。另一个应用程序正在使用网卡时，状态显示为 “Active”，此时这些网卡无法绑定。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo dpdk-devbind --status
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">绑定两个可用的网卡。绑定操作的常规语法是 <strong class="command">dpdk-devbind --bind=vfio-pci &lt;device-entry&gt;</strong>。下面显示了一个工作示例：</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo dpdk-devbind --bind<span class="o">=</span>vfio-pci <span class="m">01</span>:00.0
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">检查网卡状态，验证网卡绑定是否正确。如果绑定成功，<cite>drv</cite> 显示值 <cite>igb_uio</cite>，这确认了网卡正在使用 DPDK 模块。</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-hugepages-platforms-a-and-b">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10">设置大页（平台 A 和 B）</a><a class="headerlink" href="#set-hugepages-platforms-a-and-b" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>Clear Linux OS 支持 <cite>hugepages</cite>，即可以分配大内存池，并将其用于数据包缓冲区。</p>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p class="first">设置大页数量。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="m">1024</span> &gt; /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">在 NUMA 计算机上分配页面。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="m">1024</span> &gt; /sys/devices/system/node/node0/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
sudo <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="m">1024</span> &gt; /sys/devices/system/node/node1/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">为 DPDK 分配内存。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo mkdir -p /mnt/huge $ mount -t hugetlbfs nodev /mnt/huge
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>有关详细信息，请参阅 <a class="reference external" href="http://dpdk.org/doc/guides/linux_gsg/sys_reqs.html">DPDK guide</a> 系统要求一节。</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-up-the-physical-environment-platforms-a-and-b">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id11">设置物理环境（平台 A 和 B）</a><a class="headerlink" href="#set-up-the-physical-environment-platforms-a-and-b" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>如图 2 所示，使用网线将平台 A 上的网卡连接到平台 B 上的网卡。</p>
<div class="figure" id="id4">
<img alt="../../_images/pyshical_net.png" src="../../_images/pyshical_net.png" />
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">图 2：物理网络环境</span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="run-l3fwd-application-platform-b">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id12">运行 l3fwd 应用程序（平台 B）</a><a class="headerlink" href="#run-l3fwd-application-platform-b" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p><cite>l3fwd</cite> 应用程序是安装 <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dpdk-dev</span></code> 捆绑包时可用的 DPDK 示例之一。<cite>l3fwd</cite> 将数据包从一个网卡转发到另一个网卡。有关详细信息，请参阅 <a class="reference external" href="http://dpdk.org/doc/guides/sample_app_ug/l3_forward.html">l3fwd</a> 文档。</p>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p class="first">打开 l3fwd 示例目录。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo <span class="nb">cd</span> /usr/share/dpdk/examples/l3fwd
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first"><strong>这一步非常重要。</strong></p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>DPDK 需要借助轮询模式驱动程序才能运行。</li>
<li>轮询模式驱动程序是 <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/lib64</span></code> 中的共享对象。</li>
<li>请在 <a class="reference external" href="http://dpdk.org/doc/nics">dpdk.org NICs</a> 查看受支持的网卡的完整列表。</li>
<li>您必须知道每个网卡使用的是哪个内核模块，并选择与网卡相对应的轮询模式驱动程序。</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li><p class="first">网卡绑定和 <cite>pktgen</cite> 配置取决于网络用例和可用的系统资源。使用 <strong class="command">-d</strong> 标志设置轮询模式驱动程序。</p>
<p>以下示例假设网卡使用 <cite>e1000</cite> 网络驱动程序和 <cite>e1000</cite> 轮询模式驱动程序。<code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">librte_pmd_e1000.so</span></code> 位于 Clear Linux OS 中的 <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/lib64</span></code> 中。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo ./build/l3fwd -c 0x3 -n <span class="m">2</span> -d librte_pmd_e1000.so -- -p 0x3 --config<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;(0,0,0),(1,0,1)&quot;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first"><cite>l3fwd</cite> 应用程序在启动时显示端口初始化详细信息。端口 0 初始化完成后，<cite>l3fwd</cite> 显示端口 1 的 MAC 地址和信息。</p>
<p>保存该 MAC 地址以配置 <cite>pktgen</cite> 项目。</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="section" id="run-pktgen-application-platform-a">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id13">运行 pktgen 应用程序（平台 A）</a><a class="headerlink" href="#run-pktgen-application-platform-a" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p><cite>pktgen</cite> 是 DPDK 中包含的网络流量生成器。</p>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p class="first"><cite>pktgen</cite> 配置取决于网络设置和可用的系统资源。以下示例显示了一个基本配置。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo ./app/app/x86_64-native-linuxapp-gcc/pktgen -c 0xf -n <span class="m">4</span> -- -p 0xf -P -m <span class="s2">&quot;1.0, 2.1&quot;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">启用活动彩色输出（可选）。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>Pktgen&gt; theme <span class="nb">enable</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">使用初始化期间 <cite>l3fwd</cite> 应用程序显示的 MAC 地址。在 <cite>pktgen</cite> 中设置 MAC 地址的命令格式如下：</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">set</span> mac &lt;port number&gt; &lt;mac address&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>以下是一个工作示例：</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>Pktgen&gt; <span class="nb">set</span> mac <span class="m">0</span> <span class="m">00</span>:1E:67:CB:E8:C9
Pktgen&gt; <span class="nb">set</span> mac <span class="m">1</span> <span class="m">00</span>:1E:67:CB:E8:C9
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">发送数据包。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>Pktgen&gt; start <span class="m">0</span>-1
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
<p>有关详细信息，请参阅 <a class="reference external" href="http://pktgen-dpdk.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html">pktgen</a> 文档。</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="appendix-a-use-pass-through-for-virtual-machines">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id14">附录 A：为虚拟机使用直通</a><a class="headerlink" href="#appendix-a-use-pass-through-for-virtual-machines" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>本节说明如何设置由虚拟机控制主机上网卡的虚拟环境。</p>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p class="first">创建一个新目录并切换到该目录。</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">下载或创建 <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">start_qemu.sh</span></code> 脚本以运行 kvm 虚拟机：</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo curl -O https://cdn.download.clearlinux.org/image/start_qemu.sh
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">下载 Clear Linux OS 的裸机映像，并将其重命名为 <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">clear.img</span></code>。</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">查找包含供应商和设备 ID 的 Ethernet* 设备条目：</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo lspci -nn <span class="p">|</span> grep Ethernet
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>示例输出如下：</p>
<div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="go">03:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Intel Corporation I350 Gigabit Network Connection [8086:1521]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>其中 <cite>03:00.0</cite> 是设备条目，<cite>8086:1521</cite> 是 <cite>vendor:device ID</cite>。记下此信息，因为后面需要用到它将网卡与主机解除绑定。</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">解除网卡与主机的绑定，以便与虚拟机进行直通通信。Clear Linux OS 支持此类通信。命令采用以下格式：</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">&quot;vendor device_ID&quot;</span> &gt; /sys/bus/pci/drivers/pci-stub/new_id
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">&quot;entry for device&quot;</span> &gt; /sys/bus/pci/drivers/igb/unbind
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">&quot;entry for device&quot;</span> &gt; /sys/bus/pci/drivers/pci-stub/bind
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">&quot;vendor device_ID&quot;</span> &gt; /sys/bus/pci/drivers/pci-stub/remove_id
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>以下是一个工作示例：</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sudo <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">&quot;8086 1521&quot;</span> &gt; /sys/bus/pci/drivers/pci-stub/new_id
sudo <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">&quot;0000:03:00.0&quot;</span> &gt; /sys/bus/pci/drivers/igb/unbind
sudo <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">&quot;0000:03:00.0&quot;</span> &gt; /sys/bus/pci/drivers/pci-stub/bind
sudo <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">&quot;8086 1521&quot;</span> &gt; /sys/bus/pci/drivers/pci-stub/remove_id
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">将未绑定的网卡分配给 KVM 虚拟机（来宾）。修改 <cite>qemu-system-x86_64</cite> 参数中的 <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">start_qemu.sh</span></code> 脚本，并按以下格式添加含有主机网卡信息的行：</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>-device pci-assign,host<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;&lt;entry for device&gt;&quot;</span>,id<span class="o">=</span>passnic0,addr<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">03</span>.0
-device pci-assign,host<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;&lt;entry for device&gt;&quot;</span>,id<span class="o">=</span>passnic1,addr<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">04</span>.0
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>以下是一个工作示例：</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>-device pci-assign,host<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">03</span>:00.0,id<span class="o">=</span>passnic0,addr<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">03</span>.0 <span class="se">\</span>
-device pci-assign,host<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">03</span>:00.3,id<span class="o">=</span>passnic1,addr<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">04</span>.0 <span class="se">\</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">按照以下格式向 Makefile 引导目标添加行，从而将更多 NUMA 计算机添加到虚拟机：</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>-numa node,mem<span class="o">=</span>&lt;memory&gt;,cpus<span class="o">=</span>&lt;number of cpus&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>下面是一个具有 4096 内存和四个 CPU 的虚拟机的工作示例：</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>-numa node,mem<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">2048</span>,cpus<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">0</span>-1 <span class="se">\</span>
-numa node,mem<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">2048</span>,cpus<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">2</span>-3 <span class="se">\</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">注解</p>
<p class="last">每台 NUMA 计算机必须使用相同数量的内存。</p>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">运行 <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">start_qemu.sh</span></code> 脚本。</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
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